This time, instead of a review, I would like to introduce a certain video of Ace Attorney 4.
Gyakuten Saiban 4(Ace Attorney 4) is good or bad?
Note: This video is a short story created in the Let's Create! Gyakuten Saiban/つくろう！逆転裁判. Let's Create! Gyakuten Saiban is an Ace Attorney short case generator created by Capcom. It is an application like Capcom's official Ace Attorney Online. Adobe Flash app, so official support is no longer available. There was also an official Capcom website where user-created short stories were published. The linked video is a backup to that short story. And the text below is an English translation of the text in video. To distinguish between the AA4 Japanese and AA4 international versions, the names are alphabetical versions of the Japanese ones.
Ace Attorney 4 = Gyakuten Saiban 4, Phoenix = Naruhodo, Edgeworth = Mitsurugi, Judge = Saibancho, Maya = Mayoi, Gumshoe = Itonoko

Gyakuten Saiban 4 is good or bad?
On a certain date in 2008
District Court

Saibancho: Hi. Today we will have a trial to determine the rating of Gyakuten Saiban 4.
Mitsurugi: The prosecution is ready, Your Honor.
Naruhodo: The defence is ready, Your Honor.
Saibancho: First of all, I would like to ask both of you frankly. Gyakuten Saiban 4 is good or bad?
Mitsurugi: Well, well. Is this a joke? I have not appeared in GS4. That alone is enough to say GS4 is a bad game!!
Naruhodo: That's your subjective view!
Naruhodo: Yes, I was practically the protagonist of GS4. So GS4 is a good game!
Mayoi: ...That's subjective for Naruhodo-kun, isn't it?
Mitsurugi: ....Ha. That Naruhodo is you, not you.
You've just been forced to fit into the character you were originally created to be!!
Naruhodo: Ugh! Don't say things that might offend somebody!
Mitsurugi: And because of your protagonist-like behaviour, you've overshadowed the new protagonist!!
Naruhodo: Ggh! (Sorry, ....Daijobu-kun) (Refers to Apollo Justice.)
Mayoi: You've got the wrong name! Naruhodo-kun!!
Saibancho: Well, well. ....Let's calm down for once.
I would like to hear positive opinions from you all, not negative ones...
Naruhodo: ................
Mitsurugi: ................
Saibancho: ................
................
................
Saibancho: Everyone, don't be silent!! S....stop it! Any more and Capcom-sama will be furious!
Naruhodo-kun's reasons for quitting his job as a lawyer are weak or,
The fact that Garyu Aniki(Refers to Kristoph Gavin) has become a small character who doesn't seem to be the last boss, and a comedy character who spoils the catharsis of the storyline development or,
The fact that the character personalities in GS4 as a whole are different from AA1 to AA3, making the characters physiologically unacceptable or,
The fact that the storyline and case tricks in episode 3 are too sloppy or,
That there are no defendants whom they would want to defend or,
"Zak's behaviour is crazy and doesn't make sense lmao." or,
You must never say such a thing!
Naruhodo: (You said it all!!) Your Honor! As I said, anything more than this could seriously offend Capcom!
Let's just praise and praise GS4 from here on out and put the debate here to bed!!
Mitsurugi: Makoto-chan, so cute, Makoto-chan!! (Refers to Vera Misham.)
Saibancho: I envy you Daian's regent, oh myyyyyy! (Refers to Daryan Crescend.)
Mayoi: And the music is awesome!
Naruhodo: I'm looking forward to AA5!!
........H-here. Mitsurugi, you're next!
Mitsurugi: Ggh....! W-wait. Desperately looking for it now...
M-music is great!
Naruhodo: Objection! That's what Mayoi-chan already said!
Mitsurugi: Ah!? Ughhhhhhhhh!
Saibancho: There's nowhere to praise.... nowhere to praise!!
Gumshoe: I mean, you guys. Do you have time on your hands?
Fin
Author: (I'm sorry, GS4 fans, Capcom.)

Me: I won't write my personal opinion about GS4 here, as the above video says most of what I want to say. The only little thing I can say is that I would recommend this yuzai x muzai because it simulates almost perfectly one of the problems of GS4, the jury system. (The problem is that yuzai x muzai is not translated into Japanese. ...I probably won't write a review.) Incidentally, "Gyakuten Saiban 4 is good or bad?" was posted twice, both times deleted by Capcom lol.

Very attractive with characters, background music and world view. But a weak game as a 'werewolf game’. During the werewolf game, the players will get to know each character's past and personality, observe what they say and do, and deduce who their enemies are. When, after dozens of rounds, I could experience that the characters were moving in accordance with their personalities, there was a feeling and emotion that had not existed in ADVs before.
"He/she/they defended the suspect at the time. But in his/her character, he/she/they must be bluffing." and "He/she/they is simply acting emotionally and not motivated by hanging the enemy etc! I was deceived!" And so on.
But by the time I was able to make such an inference, the story was nearing its end.
After all, does this mean that Gnosia is an ADV and not a werewolf game? Does it mean that it is only a werewolf game-style ADV?

The characters were all unique.
I hate guys like Raqio, but after watching them get hung on the first day every time, I've come to forgive him by the time I've crossed the 50 lap. But I'd hang them on the first day for no reason. lol
My favourites are Comet and Setsu. The runner-up is Gina. Also, Shigemichi is a good guy. Like Raqio, though, he hangs up for no reason.
On the contrary, I didn't like Kukrushka and Yuriko until the very end. Especially Kukrushka. I feel she would have almost certainly lost if she had stayed until the last day.

Frankly, the game as a whole is hard to rate.

Hmmm, but the fact that the characters are so memorable means I must like the game. Probably.

Nevertheless, it's good to see more indie games with rich ideas like this, so I look forward to Petit Depotto's next game.

ME - First, Notes. No, It's Declaration of Defeat.
LOGIC [Medium: Success] - What were you defeated against?
ELECTROCHEMISTRY [Impossible: Failure] - Disco.
INLAND EMPIRE [Impossible: Failure] - Myself.

ME - Below, I have written a very long loooooong and TOOOOOOG text.
HAND/EYE COORDINATION [Nedium: Success] - TOG, British TOG2 heavy tank. Famous for being a long, big and slow tank.
REACTION SPEED [Medium: Failure] - However, there is no response that good writing has been achieved.
PAIN THRESHOLD [Formidable: Failure] - It may be that the senses have been numbed by over-rewriting the text.
LOGIC [Medium: Success] - I myself prefer short sentences that get to the point.
ENDURANCE [Formidable: Failure] - I get really tired of writing long sentence...
ENCYCLOPEDIA [Impossible: Failure] - However, as far as searching the internet is concerned, no articles can be found that involve the Disco Elysium/DE' matters I am about to describe. So a lengthy explanation became necessary.
ME - Logic is essential when analysing and critiquing anything, not just games. Rather, analysis and critique rely on logic. I felt lost in a logic maze as I thought and wrote about DE. There are three causes.
VOLITION [Medium: Failure] - 1st, my motivation. I personally respect when I read good critiques and analyses. But I can't help it if I myself am not interested in logical writing work itself.
LOGIC [Medium: Failure] - 2nd, my logical ability. I'm not proud of it, but I'm not very smart.
INLAND EMPIRE [Impossible: Failure] - And the 3rd problem. This was very biggest. DE is a game created by a will... or something that transcends logic and intelligence. In other words, it is a mistake to try to put such games in the frame of logic again.
ME - And, due to the large amount of text, there are likely to be many typographical errors. There may be parts to be fixed over the next few days.
SAVOIR FAIRE [Formidable: Success] - Final and compromised edit made on 25/08/2022. Note, the passive skills checks and Thought cabinet in bold are from within the Disco Elysium text. Those that are not are fakes written by me.

# Conclusion
ME - The gameplay and mechanism of DE is not touched here. I leave it to the critics to explain and analyse how DE is a great RPG. Below, my six speculations.

1. Fifth(zero?) column/Ravachole/Anarchism
Robert Kurvitz/RK and ZA/UM are anarchists. If there is a real person as a model for Harry, it is Bakunin, not Marx. Most references to political ideology in DE are from the perspective of anarchists and not communists.
2. Passion/Destruction/Creation
Passion for destructive creation. Or passionate destructive creation.
3. Chance/Coincidence
Coincidence as violence exercised through die rolls. Coincidences that destroy all outcomes, worlds and events.
4. Reason/Intellect/Rationality
Zaum. Language beyond reason and intellect and rationality. This experimental language and concept is used to destroy and re-create word sense, sentence meaning, context and narrative itself in creative writing, including existing theories of writing.
5. Again, a summary of speculation
In light of the above 4 points, the DE’s aim is "destruction against any object or idea".
6. On meaning and value
That the world of this game is meaningless. And that our world may be meaningless too. But, is meaninglessness worthless?

ME - I have written many more, but the main points are these 6 points. Although it is not a text that can be called an analysis, there are two people who were the main references. And I believe that these 2 persons may be the CORE of DE. See link for overview.
Mikhail Alexandrovich Bakunin
Daniil Ivanovich Kharms
ENCYCLOPEDIA [Medium: Success] - In addition, I also consulted material on these three individuals.
Carl von Clausewitz
Henri-Louis Bergson
Charles de Gaulle
SAVOIR FAIRE [Easy: Success] - The following text is redundant and meaningless and can be skipped.

# 0. My DE playthrough
ME - I'm not a particular fan of novel games.
DRAMA [Trivial: Success] - 嘘だッ！/LIES!
REACTION SPEED [Legendary: Failure] - Ugh, I ain't lying.
COMPOSURE [Heroic: Failure] - T-then give me evidence that it's lies. Evidence/ショーコ.
ME - ...I think I've read more than the average amount of adventure, sound novels and visual novels, including some I haven't recorded in my logs. I can say that DE was the most difficult of them all. There are many reasons for this, including the fact that I'm not very familiar with foreign games, English is not my first language and the Japanese version of DE has not yet been release. However, DE felt there was something more to it. I want to know what that something is. As a result, it's a long. I don't think it's an enjoyable read because of the redundant explanations.
EMPATHY [Medium: Success] - But I had worked so hard to write it and I wanted someone to read it.
I forget what it was that led me to know about DE. Because it's the hottest game abroad? Because I read an article about DE on a Japanese game introduction website? I don't know anymore now. I think it was a foolish calculation to buy it even though I don't understand English very well. The stupid calculation of studying a language while playing a game.
VISUAL CALCULUS [Godly: Failure] - That foolish calculation, of course, backfires.
ME - But I am a würm, which is becoming extinct in Japan these days. Böök würm. Of course, I get angry at sloppy translations, esoteric technical books, or uninteresting bad books, and I throw the book itself. That's the weak of e-books. Throwing my device every time I come across a bad book would bankrupt me. kindle devices are expensive. Reading can make me angry and depressed. Yet I don't dislike reading itself. And foolish calculations that it might be a good way to learn a language. Unfounded confidence in reading. My million-word journey has begun.
VOLITION [Medium: Success] - Game start. Archetype is SENSITIVE.
ME - At the beginning, the protagonist's incoherent thinking is baffling. I have no idea what it means. I managed to get ready and left the room. A woman smoking a cigarette was in front of me as soon as I left the room. I associated her with Fiana from Armoured Trooper Votoms because of her facial modelling.
ENCYCLOPEDIA [Medium: Success] - Armored Trooper Votoms. Japanese robot animation. Aired in 1983. Hard-core content that does not look like anime. Next episode preview is poetic.
RHETORIC [Medium: Success] - The predator, the prey, and the scavenger of the scraps. A violent city where one cannot survive without fangs. A city armed with every manner of vice: Uoodo. Melkia's Sodom, born of the Hundred Years War. With the scent of cordite still clinging to him... Chirico finds himself surrounded dangerous people. Next time, 'Encounters’. Chirico drinks, and the coffee of Uoodo is bitter indeed.
ME - I sense from her voice that she is a ヤベー/dangerous woman.
RHETORIC [Legendary: Failure] - ヤベー, not Yekokataa. What is Yekokataa?
HALF LIGHT [Medium: Success] The original version of KLAASJE's voice gave the impression of a dangerous woman.
ME - At the bottom of the stairs is a no flower old Asian man.
ENCYCLOPEDIA [Medium: Success] - no flower/華がない. The Japanese expression 'hana ga nai/華がない' refers to people who are not flamboyant in appearance.
EMPATHY [Formidable: Success] - The modern way of putting it is... The character KIM gives me mixed feelings. I plan to write about him elsewhere.
ME - I leave the café and head for the victim's body. There were gremlin there throwing stones at the corpse. The most disappointing thing about the final cut version was that this gremlin's voice was changed. I don't remember where it was written, but there was a comment that the original version of Cuno was a truant and the FCver Cuno is a proper school going child, which made me laugh out loud.
HALF LIGHT [Easy: Success] - FINAL CUT? NO! FINAL COMPROMISE VOICE EDITION!!
ME - For now, I ignored this noisy gremlin. Click on hanging corpse; Harry vomits as ENDURANCE check fails. At this point, my own MORALE values were running out of steam. With tears in my eyes, I successfully complete the ENDURANCE and HAND/EYE COODINATION checks, lower the body to the ground and begin the autopsy. And when the option to touch the pubic area of the body came up, my eyes staring at the monitor became vacant. The eyes of a dead fish.
DAMAGED MORALE -2
VOLITION [Impossible: Failure] - I closed the game window after losing my MORALE value due to DE' difficult English writing and dark jokes beyond comprehension.
ME - One day, a few days later, I read some DE developer interviews in the hope that they would help me play. One of the most striking statements came from the main writer.
ROBERT KURVITZ, DISCO OF GOD - "The main thing to understand about text is that people don't understand text."
ME - Looking back, I feel that these words were the catalyst for my positive attitude towards DE. I realised that I was being weirdly defensive because it was English in a game, and then I decided to change my attitude towards this game a little. Read with the senses, not with the mind. I responded to dark jokes that go beyond my common sense by consciously numbing my senses. Sense of seeing rather than reading the text.
PHYSICAL INSTRUMENT [Easy: Success] - Don’t think, feel.
ME - Whether in English or Japanese, what you see is the same text, whether on paper or on a monitor. The same thing I've done with all the books I've read and all the games I've played, I've applied to DE. I dared to read it diagonally, spit on it, shake the monitor, hitting pc, all sorts of things. I don't think I've ever muttered the F-word as much as I did in this game.
DRAMA [Heroic: Success] - THE TIME HATH COME.
HALF LIGHT [Legendary: Success] - TIME OF COMPROMISE.
VOLITION [Easy: Success] - INCREMENTAL READING.
ME - I then proceeded to investigate, in a style of compromise and incremental. After a long period of successes, failures and strays, he/I became a communist superstar cop and thus returned.
VOLITION [Easy: Success] - Started the 2nd round with a custom build.
ME - I completed the options and events I didn't read in the first round, failed the AUTHORITY check (93% chance!). and investigated with a gremlin who became KIM's replacement, obtained the flower and saw a surprising side of DESARTER. The result was an apocalyptic fascist cop. I read most of the text in 2 rounds. But I thought I didn't fully understand what the game was trying to say. It was around that time that I discovered this website, Backloggd. Around October 2021. I read through the many reviews in the hope that it would give me some insight.
REACTION SPEED [Heroic: Success] - This review in particular opened my eyes. Really excellent.
SUGGESTION [Godly: Success] - I don't think my writing is any better than Minaplo-san', so please jump to the link above immediately.
ME - Once I found Minaplo-san' review, I could say that I had almost achieved what I came to this site for. However, searches for 'anarchism' and 'Kharms', which I have been think and speculating about disco, did not turn up the articles I had hoped for.
INTERFACING [Godly: Failure] - Maybe my google searching is not the right one.
CONCEPTUALIZATION [Fomidable: Failure] - "Do I have to write my own, personalised DE' answer myself?"
ME - Despite that thought, DE is not a game that can be easily answered. ...Japan is on the Western side of the political spectrum, but is a non-European-American cultural area.
LOGIC [Heroic: Failure] - I'll not mention anything prior to 1945.
ME - For those living on such an island, the world of DE and Estonia are different worlds, and the Estonians who created it are otherworldly. Still, I didn't give up and wrote down little by little what came to my mind and what I had noticed. At this time, the total KB of DE-related text files had reached 500KB. It will not be long before it reaches 1MB. And it was only at the end of 2021 that I was able to output the whole skeleton -- outline, editing what I had written so far in Markdown format. This long text is the result of adding redundant sentences to the outline. The deadline is 30 May, the birthday of a certain revolutionary. It was then extended by another month and was finally completed today, 1 July, the anniversary of his death. Here is an itemised list of what I came up with.

## 0+ What I thought after 1 round of DE
-What is DE a game? Isn't really an RPG? What is an RPG in the first place?
-Considering RPGs with Uncle Bandage in Ultima Online. ©HIRANO KOHTA
-What is its narrative classification? Is it a mystery?
-About 24 SKILL. DE and Billy Milligan are not related in any way, are they? I'm a bit angry that some Japanese DE introduction articles mislead people into thinking Harry is a 24 multiple personality.
HALF LIGHT [Trivial: Success] - Japanese games journalism, especially Famitsu and Dengeki, is rubbish!
-24 discours instead of 24 skills? Pun?

## 0++ What I thought after 2 rounds of DE
-About the times and Don Quijote
-To make readers laugh out loud at the eccentricities of a crazy middle-aged man. That the roles and positions of Kim and Sancho are similar. DE is Don Quijote?
CERVANTES, LA LEYENDA ESPAÑOLA - "The benefits that Don Quixote will bring to the world when he comes to his senses are nothing compared to the pleasure his madness will give us." Don Quixote, Part 2
-The sorrows of the age itself. The sadness of the present day, which continues from the 20th century.
CHARLES DE GAULLE, L'HOMME DU 18 JUIN - "Uncertainty is the hallmark of the modern era. Conventional practices, future prospects, or the torrential denial of the doctrine of regulation. Moreover, never before have so many trials, losses and disillusionments, and also the various glimmers, shocks and threats of so many civilisations, so shaken the established order. The army, which is responsible for transforming the world, first suffers from this fact and weeps for its lost passion." - Le Fil de l'Epee
-I personally think Rene and de Gaulle are very similar. Ask a French person and they will say ‘Non'. The only thing that's the same is the way they died? They both died of heart attacks.
-And when de Gaulle died, when Rene died, they had someone to cry for them in their death. But when DESARTER dies, will anyone cry for him?

## 0+++ DE is really communist game?
VOLITION [Formidable: Success] - ...Writing from this point on was quite difficult.
ME - This section aims to observe the game of DE, with a focus on politics. The observation equipment is a Japanese-made old telescope. I'm unable and unwilling to examine the details of each political ideology and its forces.
CONCEPTUALIZATION [Formidable: Failure] - The additional quests in the final cut were interesting, but personally I think they are not necessary parts of the game.
ME - I'm not interested in political ideology. I threw Marx' Das Kapital away halfway through and don't remember it anymore, and I don't like communism. Nevertheless, I still find Marx's idea and thought useful and I read excerpts and summaries. And above all, I'm not European. Living in the Far East, I cannot act as a microscope. Only an Eastern European or European would be able to see DE in the high resolution of a microscope.
DRAMA [Imppossible: Failure] - Historically and --
EMPATHY [Imppossible: Failure] - Emotionally too.
ME - Before moving on to the main issue, I will briefly touch on the political forces in DE.
LOGIC [Medium: Success] - I'm not interested, but I need to preface this for what I'm about to explain...
ME - Firstly, communism. Based on Intellect. It is the most significant subject of DE and many people who have played DE consider it to be a communist game.
PERCEPTION(SIGHT) [Easy: Success] - Color is blue.
INLAND EMPIRE [Formidable: Success] - I only half agree with that impression, but I thought about the 'half I disagree with' in this long article.
ME - Secondly, moralism. Based on Psyche. DE and the biggest winners in the real world? Moralism has been criticised quite bitterly, although not very prominently.
SUGGESTION [Easy: Success] - e.g. Kingdom of concience’s solution.
PERCEPTION(SIGHT) - Color is purple.
ME - Thirdly, fascism. Based on Physique. Fascism is probably the most ridiculed thing in DE. At the same time feared? But I believe it is a reflection of RK and RK's home country, Igaunija/Estonia. The main reason for thinking this is due to the following ENCYCLOPEDIA.
ENCYCLOPEDIA [Godly: Success] - Igaunija -- a god-forsaken (and tiny) territory in Graad that has not once, but twice wasted its independence on microfascism. The less said about Igaunija the better. Matter of fact, let's stop saying things about it right now and continue what we were doing.
PERCEPTION(SIGHT) - Color is red.
ME - Fourth, liberalism. Based on Motorics. Surface winners in the DE world? The state dies, but capital does not.
RHETORIC [Legendary: Success] - "国破山河在 -- The country breaks, but mountains and rivers remain."
PERCEPTION(SIGHT) - Color is yellow.
ME - From here, many questions came to mind.
"Will communists honestly admit that communism has failed?"
"Are there communists who prefer disco?"
"I laughed a lot reading DE's writing and I've never laughed so much in any game I've ever played. But have any communist writers I know been so humorous?"
"Isn't it not always communists who can talk about communism?"
For example, religion. Some Buddhists and Muslims are familiar with Christianity. The reverse is also true.
The first example that came to my mind was a Protestant atheism researcher. He went from atheism to Marxist studies and became a diplomat in charge of the Soviet Union. Then he was arrested. Now he is a writer.
[Another example is a person who was more familiar with Buddhist teachings than the high priests of Buddhism. He is an artist.
CONCEPTUALIZATION [Godly: Success] - Art is an explosion!
ME - This has nothing to do with DE and communism, but there are probably many people on this site who are more familiar with the Japanese game than I am. Especially when it comes to Suda51' game, I have no chance.
ESPRIT DE CORPS [Heroic: Success] - I really enjoy reading the excellent analysis and reviews on this site and at the same time I appreciate
ME - When search 'communism and DE', we often saw accusations of being pro-communist in reviews and comments on DE. Each time, I thought half of those opinions and impressions were right, while the other half were wrong.
INLAND EMPIRE [Godly: Failure] - And I am probably half right and half wrong too. No, I may be all wrong.
ME - One day, I began to consider that DE was not written from a communist standpoint. They don't reflect, they don't admit failure. This is what I consider communist. Even assuming that RK was a former communist who had converted or abandoned his political beliefs, it was inconceivable to me that he would portray communism with jokes mixed in. ...Then I remembered that communism is not the only revolutionary force.
VISUAL CALCULUS [Godly: Success] - "So from which position do I assume DE was written?"
ME - Before moving on to the next item, I'll try to imitate DE here and do a red skills check.
HAND/EYE COORDINATION [Impossible: Failure] - Impossible to observe/snipe Europe from the Far East.
VOLITION [Challenging: Success] - But it should be worth a try.

1. [Inland Empire - Challenging 12] Is Robert Kurvitz really a communist? If he isn't a communist, what is he?
INLAND EMPIRE: 5
EVEN
??%

+1 Revachol? Reval? Ravachol?
+2 Pro-communism but at the same time critical.
+1 Harry's face isn’t resemble Marx(Mazov).
+1 Crypto-communist CINDY THE SKULL.
+1 DESERTER - "You're an inert lumpen with a gun."
+1 "Thank you to Marx and Engels for providing us political education."
+1 ENDURANCE [Godly: failure] - Uh oh. Organisation hasn't exactly been your strong suit, historically speaking...
-5 Not a matter of speculation. (No official data available).
-3 Political ideology isn't my interest.

This is a Red Check.
It can not be retried.

INTERFACING [Easy: Success] - CLICK AND SCROLL!

CHECK SUCCESS/FAILURE

INLAND EMPIRE [Challenging: Success/Failure] - ANARCHISM.
PERCEPTION(SIGHT) [Impossible: Success] - Color is darkness or blackness or --
CONCEPTUALIZATION [Impossible: Success] - Nothing.
ANCIENT REPTILLAN BRAIN - I know you do, baby... I know...
ME - Whether this skills check is a success or a failure isn't clear to me.

# 1. 5th(zero?) column/Ravachole/Anarchism
"Let’s dance the Ravachole
Long live the sound, long live the sound
Let’s dance the Ravachole
Of the explosion!" - La Ravachole

Gregory resumed in high oratorical good humour. “An artist is identical with an anarchist,” he cried. “You might transpose the words anywhere. An anarchist is an artist. The man who throws a bomb is an artist, because he prefers a great moment to everything. He sees how much more valuable is one burst of blazing light, one peal of perfect thunder, than the mere common bodies of a few shapeless policemen. An artist disregards all governments, abolishes all conventions. The poet delights in disorder only. If it were not so, the most poetical thing in the world would be the Underground Railway.” - THE MAN WHO WAS THURSDAY

ME - Modern anarchism originated in Proudhon. Anarchism is a forgotten force, less conspicuous than communism. First, let me lay out the famous words of anarchists who were active at the same time as Marx. Stance on capital and property rights below.
PROUDHON - "Property is robbery."
ME - When I first read these words, I couldn't help but laugh.
RAVACHOL - "Anarchy is the obliteration of property."
ME - Aren't you guys too radical?
Indirect Modes of Taxation - Taxes are racist.
ME - I-is this true? Tell me Savvy.
SAVOIR FAIRE [Godly: Success] - This is true.
ME - Is Japan a racist state then? Japan is the world's most heavily taxed country.
SAVOIR FAIRE - Unfortunately, it is true.
DAMAGED HEALTH -2
DAMAGED MORALE -2
ME - OH, MY GOD!/な、なんて事だッ！
COMPOSURE [Legendary: Failure] - ざわ・・・ざわ・・・
HALF LIGHT [Challenging: Failure] - The racist Ministry of Finance, the main source of this, must be destroyed as soon as possible!
ME - ...Tax discrimination aside, all four political forces broadly classified in DE recognise property itself. Even communists like DESARTER abhor the minions of capital but do not think of eliminating property itself. The only difference between any political ideology is how property rights are handled and who controls them. In other words, they recognise property itself, more or less. But not the anarchists, including Proudhon and Rabashol and others. Proudhon does not recognise property rights. When it comes to Ravashol, he denies property itself.
SAVOIR FAIRE - They are in denial of capital and property...
ENDURANCE [Medium: Success] - Änd they reject the pölitical institutions, the gövernment and the stäte...

BAKUNIN, DON QUIXOTE OF THE REVOLUTION - "The State a Historically Necessary Evil. It is not so with the State. And I do not hesitate to say that the State is an evil but a historically necessary evil, as necessary in the past as its complete extinction will be necessary sooner or later, just as necessary as primitive bestiality and theological divigations were necessary in the past. The State is not society; it is only one of its its historical forms, as brutal as it is abstract in character. Historically, it arose in all countries out of the marriage of violence, rapine, and pillage - in a word, of war and conquest - with the Gods created in succession by the theological fancies of the nations. From its very beginning it has been - and still remains - the divine sanction of brutal force and triumphant iniquity. Even in the most democratic countries, like the United States of America and Switzerland, it is simply the consecration of the privileges of some minority and the actual enslavement of the vast majority."

ME - The more I read the writings of anarchists, especially Bakunin, the more I came to believe that Harry's model was Bakunin. DE gives the middle finger to all political forces. Its stance is similar to Bakunin's attitude.
INLAND EMPIRE - But they could not kill PROPERTY and the state. Like the communists in DE.
ME - And It's also an unmissable fact that he predicts the future of communist regimes and proletarian dictatorships, including later Stalinism.
BAKUNIN, DON QUIXOTE OF THE REVOLUTION - "If you took the most ardent revolutionary, vested him in absolute power, within a year he would be worse than the Tsar himself."
ME - Criticism of communism had been made before the Russian Revolution by Bakunin, who had exceptional, if not theoretical, intuition. And history has moved on, as if to trace Bakunin's criticisms and predictions.
COMPOSURE [Formidable: Success] - The memo about Bakunin is still to follow, but before that I would like to take a break with a digression.

## 1+ What I thought after 3 rounds of DE
PERCEPTION(HEARING) [Godly: Failure] - errr....
-On geopolitics
-Mackinder and Spykman
-The geopolitical position of Estonia
-Estonia has a total population of approximately 1.3 million. In Japanese prefectures, this is equivalent to Yamaguchi, Ehime, Nara and Nagasaki.
-After all, DE and Revachol are merely a reflection of RK's homeland, Estonia.
-Japan's geopolitical position with history.
-On Tokugawa Ieyasu, the most boring man in the history of Japan.
PERCEPTION(HEARING) [Fomidable: Failure] - errrr.....
Kingdom of Conscience - Centrism isn't change -- not even incremental change. It is control. Over yourself and the world. Exercise it.
-The situation and assumptions are different in Japan and Estonia.
EMPATHY [Impossible: Failure] - The sorrows of a small country can only be understood by those born in a small country.
-Ideology is only ideology, not power.
HALF LIGHT [Formidable: Success] - Furthermore, for DE, all political ideologies are toys to be mocked.
PERCEPTION(HEARING) [Medium: Failure] - ....ERRRRR!!!
HIRANO KOHTA - "In Russia, soldiers can be harvested in the fields/畑. In China, soldiers can be harvested in the fields/田んぼ. In the USA, the entire land mass is made up of resources." - About Hearts of Iron
CONCEPTUALIZATION [Impossible: Success] - So ideology is colour. Not size itself.
ENDURANCE [Godly: Success] - POWWERRRRRRRRRRRRR!!!!
INTERFACING [Medium: Success] - HE IS A GODLY TORQUE DORK GUY.
AUTHORITY [Challenging: Success] - I don't care about political ideology. Look at the human.
ME - In this sense Cuno is saying the right thing.
YOU - "It‘s simple, Cuno. I have to find communism. Communism killed the hanged man."
CUNO - "Is that like a fucking street name or something?" The kid stops to think. "It's pretty cool to Cuno."
YOU - "The coolest, Cuno. But unfortunately it's an ideology, not a person."
CUNO - "C‘mon, pig..." The kid snaps his fingers. "Thoughts didn't kill Cuno's gimp. It was a person. Even Cuno can figure this shit out."
-Whichever political ideology you choose in DE, you will be ridiculed. In other words, we dance in the palm of anarchism's hand.
-The bottom line is whether or not to recognise the existence of the state.
-Is it better to have no state or to have one?

# 2. Passion/Destruction/Creation
BAKUNIN, DON QUIXOTE OF THE REVOLUTION - "The passion for destruction is a creative passion, too."

ME - Now, I will concentrate here on the lumpen-revolutionary Bakunin. First of all, I want you to look at this picture.
AUTHORITY [Heroic: Success] - Behold!
PERCEPTION (SMELL) [Medium: Success] - Smells like stray dogs...
RHETORIC [Impossible: Failure] - This is an indescribable smell.
SUGGESTION [Medium: Success] - Compared to this picture, I think Harry looks more like Bakunin than Marx. What do you think?
ME - Mikhail Alexandrovich Bakunin. One historian described him as.
"A man who, through his dramatic personality and experience, through his often misdirected but passionate actions, connected with, reflected, added to and sometimes derailed almost every aspect of Russian revolutionary thought." A friend of Bakunin described his features as. "Strength. Wild power. A profound movement in which the spirit is wild and turbulent. Constant, far-reaching desire. Dissatisfaction with the present. And furthermore, an exacerbation of the self in the present. Demon and fallen angel in human form." Another said. "Anarchism culminated with Bakunin and fell after his death."
LOGIC - Why Bakunin?
ME - The first thing was that Harry did not see any resemblance between Marx, the guru of communism, and Harry. Next I read the scene where DESERTER refers to Harry as a lumpen with a gun and it stuck in my mind. So I began to link anarchism and DE and to wonder if Harry was Bakunin rather than Marx. Neither Marx nor Lenin. Bakunin rejected all possible ideas. Not only the rejection of ideas, such as the aforementioned criticism of Marx and communism, but for him everything in the world is subject to destruction. There is very little combat in DE. But to me DE seems subversive and creative. DE is haunted by the specter of Bakunin, not Marx!
INLAND EMPIRE [Legendary: Success] - "な、なんだってー！！/W-wtf!?" by MMR.
ENCYCLOPEDIA [Legendary: Success] - MMR -- マガジンミステリー調査班/Magazine Mystery Reportage was a legendary occult manga that used to be serialised in Weekly Shonen Magazine.
PERCEPTION(HEARING) [Medium: Success] - It is similar to the tone and way of saying PLAISANCE.
PERCEPTION(SIGHT) [Medium: Success] - All the characters in this manga are like PLAISANCE.
COMPOSURE [Medium: Failure] - I half-seriously believe that the loss of anything analogous to this manga has made it easier for conspiracy theories to spread on the Japanese internet.
PAINTHRESHOLD [Medium: Success] - Ridiculous fiction has a immunity effect.
ME - What did Harry, obsessed with the incarnation of destruction in political ideology, destroy? The only person Harry could break was himself. The world of DE that Harry had to destroy was already broken when he was born. In 1991 -- RK was 7 years old -- the destruction/collapse of one utopian state simultaneously meant the creation of many states, including Estonia. This may also be a reflection of reality? The Soviet Union collapsed, has Estonia, which was part of the Giant Communist State, turned into a micro fascism state? Whether 1991 should be seen as a success or a failure, positive or negative, I do not know.
INLAND EMPIRE - I have noticed that Revachol is Estonia. But Estonia is not Revachol. But at the same time Revachol is Estonia.

## 2+ Remarkable trinity
ME - One of my hobbies is reading, especially books on war, which occupy half of my bookshelves. Of these, Clausewitz's theory of war is one of the classics I often return to. I particularly like the trinitarian theory/Remarkable trinity he preached and use it a lot when thinking about things. It is a useful concept that can be applied to anything, so in writing this text I have attempted to apply it to DE. If Bakunin's passion for destructive creation was at the core of DE, he thought that coincidence and reason were alongside that passion.
LOGIC [Medium: Success] - In my home country of Japan, where knowledge and discussion of war is taboo, but abroad, I think it is essential education.
PAIN THRESHOLD [Impossible: Failure] - Japan is a country allergic to war.
SUGGESTION [Easy: Success] - For those who do not know, I quote Clausewitz's outline of Remarkable Trinity.

1) primordial violence, hatred, and enmity, which are to be regarded as a blind natural force;
2) the play of chance and probability, within which the creative spirit is free to roam; and
3) its element of subordination, as an instrument of policy, which makes it subject to mere intellect.

ME - According to Clausewitz, the various elements of war can be divided into three main categories. Passion, Chance and Reason. DE' passion, as already mentioned, relies on the spirit of Bakunin. The next section is on coincidence.

# 3. Chance/Coincidence
YOU - "Yes. Coincidence is all that safeguards us."
NOVELTY DICEMAKER - "Yeah." She stares out of the window, not really hearing your words. "Or maybe it's the entire world that's cursed? It's such a precarious place. Nothing ever works out the way you wanted. That's why people like role-playing games. You can be whoever you want to be. You can try again. Still, there's something inherently violent even about dice rolls. It's like every time you cast a die, something disappears. Some alternative ending, or an entirely different world..." She picks up a pair of dice from the table and examines them under the light.

ME - I wrote a text about dice, TRPGs, wargames and war itself (Russo-Japanese War and World Wars), but omitted it. I don't feel the need to, and I think this her word explains it all. The next section is on reason or intellect.

# 4. Reason/Intellect/Rationality
KHARMS, THE FUTURIST POET - I told myself that I see the world. But the whole world was not accessible to my gaze, and I saw only parts of the world. And everything I saw I called parts of the world. And I examined the properties of these parts, and examining these properties, I wrought science. I understood that the parts have intelligent properties and that the same parts have unintelligent properties. I distinguished them and gave them names, And, depending on their properties, the parts of the world were intelligent or unintelligent.
And then I realized that I am the world.
But the world-is not me.
Although at the same time I am the world.
But the world’s not me.
And I’m the world.
But the world’s not me.
And I’m the world.
But the world’s not me.
And I’m the world.
And after that I didn't think anything more.

YOU - "Are you a thought reader?"
EGG HEAD - "NO NATION, BUT TRANCE NATION! NO WAR, BUT CLASS WAR!"
YOU - "Does that mean you're a thought reader?"
NOID - "Don't be a lunatic. Of course he isn't. Germaine here just yells random things. Odds are, sooner or later one of them will come off as thought reading."
LOGIC [Godly: Success] - So, it's not this one. It's the world that's the thought reader in this equation?
YOU - "So it's the world that's the thought reader?"
NOID - The young man picks up level and inspects it against he floodlight. The water sparkles in the small measuring tube.
"Yes," he says after a while. "I think it's correct to say that."
SHIVERS [Medium: Success] - THE WORLD IS A COLD SINK.
YOU ARE IN ITS ARMS.

ME - The original language of DE is English. But isn't that only superficial? After playing DE for a long time, I came to such a question. I had no idea about Zaum (RU: зáумь), the original name of the ZA/UM company. There is no Zaum page on the Japanese Wikipedia. English Wikipedia was available and I read it. "zaum can be defined as experimental poetic language characterized by indeterminacy in meaning." I became interested in Zaum because of this statement. Next, I searched for Zaum in its katakana form Zaum. A page on Slavic cultural studies by Hokkaido University was found.(https://src-h.slav.hokudai.ac.jp/literature/literature-list.html) However, reading the papers here did not help me understand Zaum. I searched for a good, systematic book on Zaum. That is where I came across a book. Beyond Rationality(https://www.u-tokyo.ac.jp/biblioplaza/en/A_00143.html) This book dissects the concept of Zaum, with Daniil Harms at its centre.
INTERFACING [Impossible: Failure] - There is no feedback on Amazon reviews or on book review websites.
ENCYCLOPEDIA [Medium: Success] - It seems to be a common practice in academic books. It's said that if you publish an academic book in Japan, there are only two intended readers.
ME - I read through to the end. And I thought.
CONCEPTUALIZATION [Godly: Success] - "Zaum is what RK and ZA/UM tried to express in DE. The name of the organisation ZA/UM has an important meaning for them, it is both a means and an end."
ME - In order to consider the zaum used in DE, the three methods of zaum presented in "Beyond Rationality" are laid out below. The following quotations are taken from the bibliography.

1. "Phonetic zaum", transcending the meaning of words by swapping sounds.
2. "Semantic zaum", transcending the meaning of a sentence by swapping words.
3. "Obstructive zaum", dislocating context and obstructing narrative.

ME - The most commonly used of the 3 zaums in DE may be the phonetic zaum.
SUGGESTION [Medium: Success] - This scene made me laugh so hard I had to hold my stomach.
ME - I would be strongly convinced if the culprit who made me laugh so hard I could hardly breathe was phonetic zaum. I seriously believe that the success of the Japanese version of DE will be measured by whether many Japanese who play the Japanese version laugh here. ...If the Japanese translation of DE fails, I will mutter quietly.
PERCEPTION (HEARING) [Godly: Success] - Quietly, she mutters to herself: "He isn't doing what he's designed to do... isn't the spell working..."
ME - It is difficult to give examples of semantic zaum.
INLAND EMPIRE - Perhaps the whole of DE?
HALF LIGHT - τὰ ὅλα...
ME - Obstructive zaum may be typified by a sentence from the FC version of Moralism Quest.
KIM KITSURAGI - "... It's been long winter... Long and cold..."
ME - When I first read this, I thought it was a zaum interpretation of a certain novel, but maybe not.

CONCEPTUALIZATION - Next, On Zaum's concept.
ME - I stated in part 2+ that I was thinking of this text in reference to Clausewitz's theory of the Trinity. When DE is considered in terms of the Trinitarian theory, the most unique aspect is probably with regard to reason. This is because Zaum, as the name suggests, aims to transcend reason and intellect. The following quotes are taken from the bibliography.

OZAWA HIROYUKI, RUSSIAN LITERARY RESEARCHER - The Russian avant-garde of the early 20th century is said to be an artistic revolution, in contrast to the Russian Revolution that took place at the same time. However, the Russian avant-garde is not only an artistic revolution. It goes beyond art. Or it sought to extend the concept of art and renew the epistemological framework within which humans think about the world. As a result, it sought to transcend human beings. A prime example is the Cubo-Futurism language experiment, Zaum. Zaum is a neologism based on the phrase beyond reason and is a symbol for incomprehensible neologisms in general. And it is a concept that embodies the orientation of transcending reason and intellect. Zaum doesn't and should not remain at the level of language. Zaum goes beyond words, beyond sentences, beyond language, entering the realm of meaning. Beyond the level of language, Zaum-like paintings and Zaum-like architecture can be produced, as can Zaum-like poetry and novels written without Zaum. But they are all aiming for a Zaum-like horizon. P37-40
ME - Again, quoting from ibid.
OZAWA HIROYUKI, RUSSIAN LITERARY RESEARCHER - Definition of Zaum. Taken as a whole, the Russian avant-garde movement was driven by a destructiveness that sought to reject modern rational knowledge and an innovation that sought to grasp the world anew. Their interest in areas such as primitivism, intuition and theosophy, which are incompatible with the modern knowledge developed in Europe since the Enlightenment, speaks volumes. It is well known, for example, that the ability to intuit, proposed by the mystic Ouspenskii and the philosopher Bergson, as a means of grasping a reality greater than that which can be grasped by reason, strongly attracted the leaders of the Russian avant-garde. The orientation to transcend conventional intellect and grasp a new world was embodied in the Russian Futurists in the concept/method of Zaum. Naturally, many Futurist poets use Zaum, but not only are there marked differences in usage and form, but also in the purposes for which it is used. It is therefore extremely difficult to uniquely define Zaum. This book therefore focuses on the state of thought and art in Europe and Soviet=Russia at the beginning of the 20th century, when doubts were being cast on modern reason. In addition, considers words and concepts that have an orientation 'beyond reason and intellect' and that 'cannot be grasped by reason and intellect' as 'Zaum' or 'Zaum-like things'. P54-55

ME - I will further consider what it meant for DE to transcend reason and intellect. Marx, Engels, Lenin and communism failed and the USSR collapsed.
PERCEPTION(SIGHT) [Formidable: Success] - While turning away from some imperialist and communist state.
ME - This can be seen as a failure of intellect if expanded.
EMPATHY [Easy: Success] - Although my own true feelings are that there is no violent ideology that has had more violent results than communism.
ME - At the same time, this is still the case today. Europe, including Eastern Europe, continues to fail on the basis of reason and intellect.
SAVOIR FAIRE [Impossible: Failure] - My home country, Japan, continues to fail on a different vector.
ME - In this light, RK and ZA/UM' use of Zaum to create DE may be a manifestation of a strong will to transcend communism and, above all, to transcend intellect, psyche, physique and motorics power, even the five senses.
VOLITION [Formidable: Failure] - ...I would like to go into further depth about zaum, but I can't finish the sentence forever, so let me compromise here. And I don't even know how much of the quoted text is legal from a copyright point of view.

ME - Now, having played DE so far, read a great deal of text, and done a fair amount of research on Zaum, I thought. I wondered whether Zaum would work if Zaum-like texts written in DE were translated into Japanese.
REACTION SPEED [Easy: Success] - I immediately thought, "Impossible."
HALF LIGHT [Medium: Success] - I would certainly be internet lynched if this opinion was read by Japanese players looking forward to the Japanese version of DE. HA-HA-HA.
ME - It may not be something that a non-native English speaker can say, but normal English text can be managed with a good translator. However, in light of the above zaum methods and concepts, one has to be negative about translating DE in Japanese. In addition, this suspicion was further deepened by reading Harms' note on the 'language machine'.
KHARMS, THE FUTURIST POET - So far I know that there are four types of language machines. They are poetry, prayer, song and incantation. These machines are not constructed by calculation or thought, but by other methods. Its name is the alphabet.
ME - In other words, the question is whether Zaum and language machines work in Japanese, a non-alphabetic language. Translation problems, such as foreign literature, and differences and quality between languages are only minor issues. I cannot judge the extent to which DE incorporates the Zaum-like methods and concepts cited above. However, it is hard to imagine that they are so committed to Zaum that they use it in the name of their organisation, and that they do not use Zaum methods and concepts at all. As the concept of Zaum is alphabet-dependent and has methods/concepts that cannot be easily imitated, the Japanese version of DE will be a text of a different dimension, apart from the poor quality of the translated text. However, it is not without hope. Although it is not possible to determine this due to lack of documentation, it is said that Velimir Khlebnikov, a poet from the early days of zaum, referred to Chinese characters/漢字 and described them as 'the best conception transmission motif'.
INLAND EMPIRE [Formidable: Success] - In addition, and this is a scary speculation, ...RK may have also entrusted the success or failure of the translated version to chance and uncertainty.

# 5. Once again, a summary of speculation
LOGIC - Let me summarise again.

1. Passion for destructive creation. Or passionate destructive creation.
2. Violent event destruction is represented by dice. A system in which the success or failure of a thing is determined by a die roll.
3. Zaum. The linguistic method/concept, which transcends reason and intellect and destroys and creates existing sounds, meanings and narratives.

ME - Harry frequently speaks of prophecies that world will be doomed in the not-too-distant future. However, the only person Harry could actually destroy was himself. Self-destruction may have only made the situation worse. In Minaplo-san' words, Marx, DESERTER and communism could not kill capital. And Bakunin and anarchism could not kill capital, nor could they kill the state. Harry suffered with poverty, alcoholism, depression and, above all, a broken heart, and wanted to destroy it all. But he too could not destroy capital or the state. What he could destroy was himself, his own heart.

JEAN VICQUEMARE – "You know what he told me? 'I don't want to get better -- I want to get worse.' Those were his words."
YOU - "I don't want to get better -- I want to get worse."
KIM KITSURAGI - "I... uh, don't really know how to respond to that, lieutenant double-yefreitor."
KATSUTA KICHITARO, BAKUNIN' RESEARCHER - "Classical Marxist-Leninist revolutionary theory may be reduced to the paradoxical proposition that 'the worse it gets, the better it gets.'"

ME - But maybe a different world awaits at the end of self-destruction. Even if the world itself doesn't change, maybe I can see the world in a different way -- that's what the end of the DE story has made it seem to me.
KHARMS, THE FUTURIST POET - Will miracles exist? This is the question I want to hear the answer to.
ME - And... is the future really dead?
EGG HEAD - "THE PAST IS THE FUTURE, BUT THE FUTURE IS DEAD!"
ME - No one knows what the world and the future will look like from now on. I don't even know what the day after tomorrow will be like. In any case, I look forward to the future of the ZA/UM, to its great development in the future, to the Great Leap Forward, to the Cultural Revolution.

# 6. On meaning and value
KHARMS, THE FUTURIST POET - I'm only interested in silly things. I'm only interested in things that do not have any practical significance whatsoever.

PISSF※※※※T - "What I mean by this is -- we are all Pissf※※※※ts. And that the world is inherently meaningless."
INLAND EMPIRE [Godly: Success] - That much is true.

ME - What I am writing now is probably pointless too. Readability, clarity, lack of contradictions, things I've thought of, things I've noticed, speculation. It's a jumble. I've given up trying to put it all together because there's no way I can put this stuff together. Compromise! My Volition and Endurance have reached their limits too. But does meaninglessness imply worthlessness?
EMPATHY [Heroic: Success] - Everything has no meaning. It is the lack of meaning that makes it valuable. And that value can only be understood by those who have experienced the same pain. Experience does not always lead to understanding, though.
HALF LIGHT [Heroic: Success] - The same is true of my country. The country is governed by two forms of violence: morality and order. And they are operated by the innate human traits of vice and jealousy. How wonderful.
VOLITION [Challenging: Success] - In honour of your shit, lieutenant-yefreitor. Which you kept together in the face of total, unrelenting terror. Day after day. Second by second.

# 跋文/Post script
ME - I am not very smart and have a remarkably low IQ. But I think that even I, who am not very smart, can see something if I try hard enough to think about it. I really wanted someone smarter than me to write a discussion of DE based on Zaum and anarchism. But no one writes about that, even after three years or so since the launch of DE. That's why I had to write such a long article to convince myself.
PERCEPTION(SIGHT) [Formidable: Failure] - It could be that I just can't find them because of the language wall.
ME - ...Between 2019 and 2020 I despaired of the game. I thought that I should graduate from the game. I will avoid specific explanations. I have no taste for hurting people who still love and enjoy Japanese games. So I wanted to distance myself from video games before I became completely disillusioned. About 20 years ago, a man was disappointed with Japanese animation and cinema. One day, that disappointment disappeared with a film.
ITOH PROJECT, GENOCIDER OF BONKURA - "I like animation, but the way the current narrative is being consumed as a style only leads to disappointment...... But now my unresolved feelings are gone. I have a 'Fight Club'."(https://itoh-archive.hatenablog.com/entry/2015/09/24/173952)
ME - His disappointment with anime and Japanese films and my despair with Japanese games are very similar. But just as he had Fight Club, I have Disco Elysium.
VOLITION [Godly: Success] - That is all, let us now put a full stop to this very long and abnormal sentence.
EMPATHY [Impossible: Success] - Thank you truly for your patience and for reading such a long and poor readability text to the end.

1 July 2022, Clausewitz's birthday and Bakunin's death anniversary. Original version posted.
25 August 2022, Disco Elysium Japanese edition release/distribution day. Final compromise cut version posted. And dedicated to all reviewers of this site.













It's truly, truly been... a very long roundabout path...
My million-word journey, this long text, for this one word......
Aitäh......
Thank you ZA/UM. Thank you Robert Kurvitz.
Truly...
......
Truly......
ありがとう...
I can't find any other words to say...