Lost Future: '80s -'90s Japan Bubble Era/City Pop Aesthetics

Simply put, here's a list all about games, old or new, which bear the cultural hallmarks of Japan's socio-economic boom period from the turn of the '80s, later the Plaza Accord, up through the mid-'90s. Entries feature instances and/or combinations of the following tropes and stylings:

•Displays of middle-class wealth and/or privilege, with an emphasis on Western(-style) status symbols/conspicuous consumption as attainable by a majority of Japanese during the era
•Sublime cityscapes and/or fictional worlds in day or at night, from ornate historic or science-fantasy realms to iconic rows of sparkling office towers under starry skies, often featuring successful and attractive people/cast characters with scare vulnerable moments or framing
•Themes of (over-)confidence, aggression, more individual expression/self-reliance, and post-collapse feelings of security among characters and conveyed by the plots/framing they're involved with; also ties in to glamorization of high-school life and the transition to adulthood
•Telltale fashion and design elements popular on a local and global scale, ex. Memphis Group post-modern geometry, comically large shoulder-padded suits, rich color palettes lending an upper-end textile quality, stylized wireframe/computerized imagery and real-time manipulation like in video art, etc.
•Culture-crossing media mix of influences and previously highly regional aesthetics, reflecting the country's verve for importing ideas from East Asian neighbors and the affluent Global North they now belonged to, with creators utilizing Western backdrops as stand-ins for commentary on their new Japan
(ex. isekai fantasy, near-/far-future sci-fi, superhero/tokusatsu pulp)

The real-estate speculation bubble that occurred and later popped would catalyze the country's media landscape, from increasingly extravagant TV & anime to rapid yearly advances in video game production. Westernization of domestic pop media continued as it had started during the post-WWII occupation, through which local movements such as city pop, new wave, punk, idol fandom, and modern fantasy reached maturity. Right before the bubble popped—before the "lost decade" of economic and media stagnation felt the world over, countered by newfound prosperity in neighboring East Asian countries—Japan seemed like a shining mountain upon the Ring of Fire, that seductive illusion of American hegemony exporting stability and dominance to a foreign land. Mirroring the similarly consumerist, corporatist cohorts of Reagen-era yuppies, those entering adulthood from '85 through '95 would have engaged in excesses soon denounced, only for all of it to regain its luster through nostalgia.

All of this creates more than just one more set of aesthetics for us to gawk at. If you play specifically the Japanese games here from oldest to newest, and then what came after, you can sense a paradigm shift away from the above symptoms of global privilege and that fleeting imperviousness. New games made referencing these elements today may or may not display an understanding of the historic context lying underneath, but they're worth including here all the same to show the influence the bubble era had. I hope the list grows and can inform game creators inspired to iterate on these aesthetics to thoroughly grasp what they're evoking, not just slapping on a cool but superfluous visual style.

Feel free to suggest additions in the comments here or on the Backloggd Discord server in #lists. I'll be listing games roughly in release order. I'm open to arguments against including a game, too, if it doesn't fit the above criteria.

| Changelog |
February 15 2023: Initial list, did a lot of pruning beforehand to bring it down from ~180 games.
February 18 2023: Added almost half that amount, still trying to keep within theme.

OutRun
OutRun
EarthBound
EarthBound
Fantasy Zone II
Fantasy Zone II
Neo Turf Masters
Neo Turf Masters
Phantasy Star IV: The End of the Millennium
Phantasy Star IV: The End of the Millennium
Streets of Rage 2
Streets of Rage 2
Tokio: Tokyo-to Dai 24-ku
Tokio: Tokyo-to Dai 24-ku
A-Train
A-Train
A-Train 3D: City Simulator
A-Train 3D: City Simulator
Bazaru De Gozaru No Game De Gozaru
Bazaru De Gozaru No Game De Gozaru
Boogie Wings
Boogie Wings
Daytona USA
Daytona USA
Devil Summoner: Soul Hackers
Devil Summoner: Soul Hackers
An edge case, but the look of Soul Hackers' near-future Tokyo, and its eccentric personalities, seems like an intentional remnant of the bubble era. This contrasts with the more counter-cultural, democratized virtual reality you spend part of your time in.
Die Hard Arcade
Die Hard Arcade
Dota
Dota
Elm Knight: A Living Body Armor
Elm Knight: A Living Body Armor
Fantasy Zone
Fantasy Zone
Galaxy Force II
Galaxy Force II
Hamlet
Hamlet
Kumdor no Ken
Kumdor no Ken
Lord Monarch
Lord Monarch
Mr. Gimmick
Mr. Gimmick
Mujintou Monogatari
Mujintou Monogatari
OutRunners
OutRunners
Power Drift
Power Drift
Princess Maker 2
Princess Maker 2
Psychic World
Psychic World
Ristar
Ristar
Shenmue
Shenmue
SimCity
SimCity
Sorcerian
Sorcerian
Thexder
Thexder
A-Train: Trains, Power, Money
A-Train: Trains, Power, Money
Bonanza Bros.
Bonanza Bros.
Gran Turismo
Gran Turismo
The JP original feels most at home here thanks to Masahiro Andoh's kayokyoku-fusion musical offerings, on top of the already high-class, stylish car fancy in this game. Later installments gain more of a post-bubble, internationalized style.
Hang-On
Hang-On
J.B. Harold no Jikenbo #2: Manhattan Requiem
J.B. Harold no Jikenbo #2: Manhattan Requiem
Original Japanese PC releases in '87 and '88.
Ninja Princess
Ninja Princess
Raimais
Raimais
Revolty-II
Revolty-II
Shin Megami Tensei
Shin Megami Tensei
Virtua Racing
Virtua Racing
City Connection
City Connection
Kato-chan & Ken-chan
Kato-chan & Ken-chan
Nyancle
Nyancle
Puzzle & Action: Tant-R
Puzzle & Action: Tant-R
Soko-Ban
Soko-Ban
Teddy Boy
Teddy Boy
The Portopia Serial Murder Case
The Portopia Serial Murder Case
Portopia was an iconic real-estate harborside development in Kobe, Japan. This game explicitly deals with personal consequences of the socio-economic development prior but adjacent to the bubble.
Choujikuu Yousai Macross: Countdown
Choujikuu Yousai Macross: Countdown
Hanii in the Sky
Hanii in the Sky
The Ninja Warriors
The Ninja Warriors
Dark Edge
Dark Edge
Phantasy Star II
Phantasy Star II
Possessioner
Possessioner

Unrated

2064: Read Only Memories
2064: Read Only Memories

Unrated

3x3 Eyes: Sanjiyan Henjou
3x3 Eyes: Sanjiyan Henjou

Unrated

3x3 Eyes: Seima Kourin-den
3x3 Eyes: Seima Kourin-den

Unrated

A6: A-Train 6
A6: A-Train 6

Unrated

Abcop: A.B. Cop
Abcop: A.B. Cop

Unrated

Accele Brid
Accele Brid

Unrated

Adrenalin Connection
Adrenalin Connection

Unrated

Advanced Busterhawk Gleylancer
Advanced Busterhawk Gleylancer

Unrated

Advanced V.G.
Advanced V.G.

Unrated

Adventures of Lolo II
Adventures of Lolo II

Unrated

Aerobiz
Aerobiz

Unrated

Aerobiz Supersonic
Aerobiz Supersonic

Unrated

Air Management '96
Air Management '96

Unrated

Air Zonk
Air Zonk

Unrated

Aleste 2
Aleste 2

Unrated

Alien Storm
Alien Storm

Unrated

Alshark
Alshark

Unrated

Arabian Fight
Arabian Fight

Unrated

A-Ressha de Ikou
A-Ressha de Ikou

Unrated

Asuka 120% Burning Fest.
Asuka 120% Burning Fest.

Unrated

A-Train All Aboard! Tourism
A-Train All Aboard! Tourism

Unrated

Band-kun
Band-kun

Unrated

Bats & Terry
Bats & Terry

Unrated

Battle Golfer Yui
Battle Golfer Yui

Unrated

Battle Mania Daiginjou
Battle Mania Daiginjou

Unrated

Battle Zeque Den
Battle Zeque Den

Unrated

Bishoujo Janshi Suchie-Pai
Bishoujo Janshi Suchie-Pai

Unrated

Bouken Danshaku Don: The Lost Sunheart
Bouken Danshaku Don: The Lost Sunheart

Unrated

Bulk Slash
Bulk Slash

Unrated

Burning Angels
Burning Angels

Unrated

Burning Force
Burning Force

Unrated

Choro Q
Choro Q

Unrated

Choujikuu Yousai Macross
Choujikuu Yousai Macross

Unrated

Cosmic Fantasy 2
Cosmic Fantasy 2

Unrated

Cosmic Fantasy 3: Bouken Shounen Rei
Cosmic Fantasy 3: Bouken Shounen Rei

Unrated

Cosmic Fantasy 4: Ginga Shounen Densetsu - Gekitouhen: Hikari no Umi no Naka de...
Cosmic Fantasy 4: Ginga Shounen Densetsu - Gekitouhen: Hikari no Umi no Naka de...

Unrated

Cosmic Fantasy Stories
Cosmic Fantasy Stories

Unrated

Cosmic Soldier 2: Psychic War
Cosmic Soldier 2: Psychic War

Unrated

Cosmic Wars
Cosmic Wars

Unrated

CRW : Metal Jacket
CRW : Metal Jacket

Unrated

Cutie Suzuki no Ringside Angel
Cutie Suzuki no Ringside Angel

Unrated

Cyber Cycles
Cyber Cycles

Unrated

Cyber Knight
Cyber Knight

Unrated

Cyber Knight II: Chikyuu Teikoku no Yabou
Cyber Knight II: Chikyuu Teikoku no Yabou

Unrated

Daiva Story 4: Asura's Bloodfeud
Daiva Story 4: Asura's Bloodfeud

3 Comments


1 year ago

this is what's up
this may as well replace my wishlist, thank you so much for making this one lol
Not sure I'd try all these games myself (especially the more sussy licensed ones or bad 2D fighters), but hey, it's big enough to be a wishlist alright. I just need more recent games going for any of these styles for the list now.


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