Game-Changers: Turning Points in Video Game History

Highly influential and genre-defining games that made a significant impact on the evolution of video game history and pop culture.

Tennis for Two
Tennis for Two
Spacewar!
Spacewar!
the first known video game to be played at multiple computer installations
Table Tennis
Table Tennis
the first commercial home video game console game and the inspiration for Atari's Pong
The Oregon Trail
The Oregon Trail
popularised "edutainment" educational computer games
Pong
Pong
the first significantly commercially successful video game
Speed Race
Speed Race
Tank
Tank
Colossal Cave Adventure
Colossal Cave Adventure
popularised the text-based adventure game genre
Space Invaders
Space Invaders
popularised the shoot 'em up genre
Adventure
Adventure
popularised the adventure game genre
Ball
Ball
popularised handheld games
Pac-Man
Pac-Man
popularised the maze game genre
Rogue
Rogue
popularised the roguelike genre
Ultima
Ultima
popularised the role-playing game genre
Donkey Kong
Donkey Kong
popularised the platform game genre, Nintendo's first significantly commercially successful video game
Donkey Kong
Donkey Kong
the first game to use a "d-pad" (directional pad)
Pole Position
Pole Position
the first video game to be based on a real racing circuit, popularised the third-person racing game genre
Microsoft Flight Simulator 1.0
Microsoft Flight Simulator 1.0
popularised the simulation game genre
Spartan X
Spartan X
popularised the side-scrolling beat 'em up genre
Super Mario Bros.
Super Mario Bros.
popularised the side-scrolling platform game genre, popularised Nintendo's NES console
The Legend of Zelda
The Legend of Zelda
popularised the action-adventure genre
Dragon Warrior
Dragon Warrior
popularised the japanese role-playing game genre
Metroid
Metroid
popularised the "metroidvania" non-linear, utility-gated game genre
Final Fantasy
Final Fantasy
popularised the japanese role-playing game genre in the US
Phantasy Star
Phantasy Star
popularised the japanese role-playing game genre in Europe
John Madden Football
John Madden Football
SimCity
SimCity
popularised the city-building simulation game genre
Tetris
Tetris
popularised the puzzle game genre, popularised Nintendo's Game Boy console
The Secret of Monkey Island
The Secret of Monkey Island
popularised the point-and-click graphic adventure game genre
Sid Meier's Civilization
Sid Meier's Civilization
popularised the strategy game genre
Street Fighter II
Street Fighter II
popularised the fighting game genre
Sonic the Hedgehog
Sonic the Hedgehog
popularised the "mascot" game, popularised the idea of "console wars", popularised Sega's Mega Drive / Genesis console
Mortal Kombat
Mortal Kombat
notable for it's controversial depiction of extreme violence and gore using realistic digitized graphics, and, along with the home release of Night Trap, prompted the formation of the Entertainment Software Rating Board (ESRB), a U.S. government-backed organization that set descriptor ratings for video games
Super Mario Kart
Super Mario Kart
popularised the kart racing genre
Myst
Myst
Ridge Racer
Ridge Racer
FIFA International Soccer
FIFA International Soccer
Doom
Doom
popularised the first person shooter genre
System Shock
System Shock
popularised the "immersive sim" genre
Command & Conquer
Command & Conquer
Pokémon Red Version
Pokémon Red Version
popularised monster-collecting role playing games, popularised Nintendo's Game Boy consoles
Resident Evil
Resident Evil
popularised the survival horror genre
Super Mario 64
Super Mario 64
popularised the 3D platforming game genre, popularised Nintendo's N64 console
Tomb Raider
Tomb Raider
introduced the first significantly popular female protagonist
Diablo
Diablo
popularised loot-based action-rpg games
Final Fantasy VII
Final Fantasy VII
re-popularised the japanese role-playing game genre in 3D, popularised Sony's PS1 console
GoldenEye 007
GoldenEye 007
the first significantly popular first-person shooter game for consoles
Snake
Snake
popularised playing games on mobile phones
Gran Turismo
Gran Turismo
popularised Sony's PS1 console
Banjo-Kazooie
Banjo-Kazooie
popularised the "collectathon" 3D platforming game genre
Dance Dance Revolution
Dance Dance Revolution
popularised dance-based rhythm games
Half-Life
Half-Life
The Legend of Zelda: Ocarina of Time
The Legend of Zelda: Ocarina of Time
popularised the action-adventure genre in 3D
Tony Hawk's Pro Skater
Tony Hawk's Pro Skater
popularised extreme sports games
Medal of Honor
Medal of Honor
popularised world war 2 first-person shooter games
The Sims
The Sims
popularised the life simulation game genre
Dynasty Warriors 2
Dynasty Warriors 2
popularised "musou" style games
Counter-Strike
Counter-Strike
Grand Theft Auto III
Grand Theft Auto III
popularised 3D open world games, popularised Sony's PS2 console
Halo: Combat Evolved
Halo: Combat Evolved
popularised first person shooter games on consoles, popularised Microsoft's Xbox consoles
Super Smash Bros. Melee
Super Smash Bros. Melee
popularised the platform fighter genre, popularised Nintendo's GameCube console
Animal Crossing
Animal Crossing
popularised social simulation games
EyeToy: Play
EyeToy: Play
popularised motion-detection-based games
Defense of the Ancients
Defense of the Ancients
popularised the multiplayer online battle arena (MOBA) genre
World of Warcraft
World of Warcraft
popularlised the massively multiplayer online role playing game (MMORPG) genre
Dr. Kawashima's Brain Training: How Old is Your Brain?
Dr. Kawashima's Brain Training: How Old is Your Brain?
Guitar Hero
Guitar Hero
popularised instrument-based rhythm games
Gears of War
Gears of War
popularised third-person cover-based shooter games
Wii Sports
Wii Sports
popularised motion controls, popularised Nintendo's Wii console
Team Fortress 2
Team Fortress 2
popularised class-based shooter games
Call of Duty 4: Modern Warfare
Call of Duty 4: Modern Warfare
popularised modern-warfare-based shooter games
Assassin's Creed
Assassin's Creed
Uncharted: Drake's Fortune
Uncharted: Drake's Fortune
popularised cinematic story-driven games
Mass Effect
Mass Effect
Wii Fit
Wii Fit
popularised the exergaming genre
LittleBigPlanet
LittleBigPlanet
Spelunky Classic
Spelunky Classic
popularised roguelike/rogue-lite indie games
Angry Birds
Angry Birds
popularised touch-screen games on mobile phones
Dark Souls
Dark Souls
popularised souls-like games
Minecraft
Minecraft
popularised procedurally generated survival and crafting games
Journey
Journey
popularised non-violent emotionally-driven independent games
Cookie Clicker
Cookie Clicker
popularised idle/clicker/incremental games
Broken Age
Broken Age
popularised crowd-funded independent games
The Jackbox Party Pack
The Jackbox Party Pack
popularised phone-based party games
Job Simulator: The 2050 Archives
Job Simulator: The 2050 Archives
VRChat
VRChat
The Legend of Zelda: Breath of the Wild
The Legend of Zelda: Breath of the Wild
Fortnite
Fortnite
PUBG: Battlegrounds
PUBG: Battlegrounds
popularised the battle royale genre
Among Us
Among Us
popularised hidden identity social deduction games
Auto Chess
Auto Chess
popularised the auto chess genre
Half-Life: Alyx
Half-Life: Alyx
Vampire Survivors
Vampire Survivors

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